Angelo Gamarra Minaya

Extractivism and Racial Inequality in Peru: A Dependency Theory a Racial Capitalism Mixed Approach

Supervisors: Marco Vieira and David Bailey

Dan Gamarra Minaya

My research explores the relevance of using an integrated theoretical framework that combines Racial Capitalism and Dependency Theory to understand and explain persistent racial disparities in Peru. I argue that while Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has contributed to Peru’s economic growth, it has also reinforced racialized structures of inequality, particularly in extractive regions. Focusing on Cajamarca, a region that hosts one of the world’s largest gold mines yet remains among the poorest in the country, I examine how contemporary forms of exploitation and expropriation reflect key tenets of Racial Capitalism and should be incorporated into broader Dependency Theory analyses.

 

 

Biography

With over 15 years of experience, Angelo Gamarra has led applied research and monitoring, evaluation, and learning (MEL) initiatives across government, multilateral, and nonprofit sectors. His work bridges the fields of racial equity, economic justice, and international development, using mixed-methods approaches to inform policy, improve program performance, and drive institutional learning.

He currently serves as a Learning and Evaluation Coordinator at the Service Employees International Union (SEIU), where he leads evaluation strategies focused on racial and economic justice within labor organizing. His work supports internal learning and strategy across union-wide initiatives.

Angelo has held MEL roles in both the U.S. and Peruvian governments, including with USAID (Washington DC), the Ministry of Health, and the Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion in Peru, where he led national monitoring systems and designed tools to track and improve social programs.

In the nonprofit and multilateral sectors, he has worked with organizations such as Vital Voices, SOS Children’s Villages, and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), supporting MEL efforts in more than 30 countries across Latin America and the Caribbean. His experience includes designing evaluation systems, managing regional learning agendas, and delivering technical assistance to strengthen program impact and data use.

Contact details:

Email: dxg934@student.bham.ac.uk